Bulletin 2026-09UCDP data through GED 26.1, Candidate Events 26.0.9Changes in the data

ConflictStats

Events and deaths in organized violence, as UCDP records them

Search

Somalia: events and estimated deaths in December 2025

Monthly reportDataset: UCDP GEDData through

UCDP recorded 35 events of organized violence in Somalia in December 2025. The best estimate of deaths in these events is 249. The low estimate is 248 and the high estimate is 335. UCDP counts 32 of these deaths as deaths of civilians. The count for November 2025 was 26 events.

The count for December 2024 was 7 events. The change from December 2024 to December 2025 is up 400 percent. Among the 26 months with a report for Somalia, December 2025 has the 8th highest count of events. Somalia holds 2 percent of the events that UCDP recorded in all countries with a page in December 2025. In December 2024, the share was 0 percent.

Not all events in UCDP Candidate will make it into the final UCDP GED and new events will be added. The UCDP Candidate is a dataset containing events that have a high probability of being included in the final annual version of UCDP GED.

An incident where armed force was used by an organized actor against another organized actor, or against civilians, resulting in at least 1 direct death at a specific location and a specific date

UCDP's words. Source: UCDP Candidate Events Dataset Codebook, version 1.5 (Introduction) and UCDP GED Codebook, version 26.1 (section 2, the definition of an event), copied on .

This page rests on UCDP GED 26.1 and UCDP Candidate Events 26.0.9, with data through . The figures from January 2026 are from Candidate Events. Candidate Events are preliminary and UCDP revises them.

The pages give counts and their sources. They give no travel, security or safety advice. A count of events is not a measure of danger.

Regions

The table has 10 regions at most.

Table 1. Somalia, December 2025: events and estimated deaths by region, in name order
RegionEventsEstimated deaths
Bakool region215
Banaadir region42
Bari region13
Bay region46
Galgudud region28
Hiran region418
Lower Juba region10
Lower Shabelle region744
Middle Juba region12
Middle Shabelle region9151
Figure 1. Events in Somalia, December 2025. The map shows 35 events with 249 estimated deaths. One dot is one event at the place that UCDP gives. When a source names no exact place, UCDP puts the event at the centre of a region or of the country. The area of a dot follows the best estimate of deaths. The largest dot is for 330 deaths or more.1 death10 deaths100 deathsOutlines: Natural Earth, with the first-level areas of the UCDP data. An outline shows where the events are. It is not a statement about a border.

Events

The table lists the events with 10 or more estimated deaths. The CSV file of Somalia has each event.

Table 2. Somalia, December 2025: events with 10 or more estimated deaths (8 of 35 events), in the order of their dates
DatePlaceSides, as UCDP writes themType of violenceEstimated deathsLowHigh
11 Dec 2025Afgoye district, Lower Shabelle regionGovernment of Somalia; Al-ShabaabState-based121212
16 Dec 2025Afgoye district, Lower Shabelle regionGovernment of Somalia; Al-ShabaabState-based313131
21 Dec 2025Balad district, Middle Shabelle regionGovernment of Somalia; Al-ShabaabState-based151515
25 Dec 2025Balad district, Middle Shabelle regionGovernment of Somalia; Al-ShabaabState-based363636
25 Dec 2025Balad district, Middle Shabelle regionGovernment of Somalia; Al-ShabaabState-based353535
25 Dec 2025Balad district, Middle Shabelle regionGovernment of Somalia; Al-ShabaabState-based353535
28 Dec 2025Hudur district, Bakool regionGovernment of Somalia; Al-ShabaabState-based151515
31 Dec 2025Balad district, Middle Shabelle regionGovernment of Somalia; Al-ShabaabState-based292929

Actors, as UCDP names them

Names as UCDP writes them.

Table 3. Somalia: actors, as UCDP names them, in the events of December 2025, in name order
Name, as UCDP writes itEventsEstimated deaths in these events
Al-Shabaab33245
Government of Somalia34246
IS13
Puntland State of Somalia13

An event has two sides, so one event can be in two rows. The deaths are the deaths in the events of a side. The table does not say which side caused a death.

Type of violence

Table 4. Somalia: events by type of violence, December 2025
Type of violenceEventsShare of events
State-based armed conflict3394%
Non-state conflict13%
One-sided violence against civilians13%

The glossary has the UCDP definition of each type.

All months

Table 5. Monthly reports of Somalia, newest first: events and estimated deaths
MonthEventsEstimated deathsDataset
September 202625P194PCandidate Events
August 202638P148PCandidate Events
July 202646P325PCandidate Events
June 202630P368PCandidate Events
May 202629P358PCandidate Events
April 202632P296PCandidate Events
March 202630P188PCandidate Events
February 202637P231PCandidate Events
January 202644P972PCandidate Events
December 202535249GED
November 202526279GED
October 202545149GED
September 202529195GED
August 202532379GED
July 202531177GED
June 202542479GED
May 202536498GED
April 202524214GED
March 202530548GED
February 202520577GED
January 202516128GED
December 20247112GED
November 202411106GED
October 202415280GED
September 20241489GED
August 202419156GED

P Preliminary. The figure is from UCDP Candidate Events, and UCDP revises these events. Search engines list a report of a month in the last 12 months that has 20 or more events. The other reports stay online and ask search engines not to list them.

Somalia: all figures

Cite this page

ConflictStats. Somalia: events and estimated deaths in December 2025. https://conflictstats.com/country/somalia/month/2025-12/. Source: Uppsala Conflict Data Program, UCDP GED 26.1 and UCDP Candidate Events 26.0.9. Data through .

The address of this page does not change. UCDP asks for a citation of its publications: Data sources and licences has it.